She Came From the Woods (2017): Interview with Director Erik Bloomquist

We receive quite a lot of short films overall at the site, and it’s always fun seeing what kind of a calling-card filmmakers have on offer: better still is when films channel formative horror and nostalgia along the way, which is the case with She Came From The Woods (2017).

We took a look at the film, and chatted to director Erik Bloomquist.

The film goes like this: it’s a warm summer’s night, and a group of summer camp counsellors are doing what countless young people do in these kinds of situations, aside from flirting and carbonising marshmallow: they’re sitting around a campfire, scaring the bejeezus out of one another with scary stories about alleged nefarious goings-on. For the little gathering in She Came From the Woods (2017), the urban myth of choice is about a nurse, Esther, who was – ahem – ‘relieved of her duties’ because of her oddball behaviour, but is now apparently holed up in THESE VERY WOODS, albeit on the astral plane – until such time as some foolhardy teenagers decide to summon her. Her post-mortem interest in ritual and mutilation gives her a keen interest in getting this kind of invite, and calling up Esther is apparently all too easy…

Uh-oh. That sounds like a horror film waiting to happen.

‘Summer camp’ has never really taken off in the UK, probably because the weather rarely obliges for that long and summer in a tent in Britain is a horror all of its own, but nonetheless we do have our own versions of urban myths and legends, and people always enjoy sharing these ‘friend of a friend’ creepy stories. In my day, it was ‘Bloody Mary’, and I remember as a child daring one another to call her name in front of a mirror – though it turns out she was actually quite shy, and never put in an appearance. Although the build-up to the denouement in She Came From The Woods is surprisingly leisurely for a twelve-minute film, I’m sure it’s not a spoiler to say that the camp counsellors here get more out of Esther than we ever got out of Bloody Mary – although I do feel that what we see is tantalising, rather than a full pay-off, so if this film could in any way be seen as a calling-card for the introduction of this character, then I’d certainly be happy to find out more.

There’s a lot to explore here. With its mix of gore and ritual, splicing a few horror staples together, She Came From the Woods is a fun meld of a whole host of ideas, from witchcraft to bad science to straight-up splatter. If it resembles anything, then for me it would be the Tales From the Crypt comics, with their rising tension balanced against a light-touch script and plenty of gross-out Americana. It’s fun, and it points to a love of the kinds of teen-orientated horror which have been with us for decades now.

So, having seen the film itself, we thought we’d ask a few things…

WP: Firstly, tell us how the idea for the film came about. How long did it take you to get a screenplay together and what was that process like? 

Erik Bloomquist: We were very fortunate to have access to this incredible summer camp location that really feels like it transports you back in time. We were really inspired by that location, both logistically and creatively, in terms of plot and tone.

WP: The film seems to be playing with ideas from childhood/teen horrors and pastimes. Would that be correct? What drew you to these ideas?

EB: Carson and I grew up watching Are You Afraid of the Dark? on Nickelodeon, so we like to think of this as almost a grown-up episode of that show. There’s something very exciting about the boundlessness of a legend and a good old fashioned campfire story.

WP: Is the film and its mythos intended to stay a short, or is the story-line one you’d like to revisit at any point in future? I have to say, it feels like it could be expanded into a longer story…

EB: We’re definitely exploring a feature adaptation! The response to the short (throughout the US and internationally) has been really heartening, and we’re pumped about the possibility of exploring the legend with more depth and scope. Our goal, like with the short, is to make something that is both a slow-burn creepy urban legend and a relentless action horror movie.

WP: How enjoyable – or challenging – did you find the experience of getting this film completed? 

EB: There’s nothing better than hanging out in the middle of the woods and making a movie with your creative friends. It was an aggressive shooting schedule (the whole film was produced with two overnights), but we all went into the trenches together and made it happen.

WP: Finally, horror goes through various waves and trends like any other genre – but in your opinion, how do you rate the quality of the horror cinema we have been getting over the past five years or so? And what impact, if any, has this had on you as a filmmaker? 

EB: I think we’ve gotten some real gems in the last few years. One of my favorites is It Follows. It so elegantly captures a very specific and effective tone that feels more like a nightmare than anything I’ve ever seen. The purposeful anachronisms, dreamy cinematography, and amazing score all contribute to this awesome experience.

WP: Thank you very much for your time, and good luck!

Look out for She Came From the Woods on the festival circuit over the coming year. For more information on the film, keep up with Erik on Twitter: @ErikCBloomquist.

S&M: Les Sadiques (2016)

It’s a very rare thing indeed to see a filmmaker working in the styles so far chosen by director Alex Bakshaev in his career to date. His last film, The Devil of Kreuzberg, was to my mind a languid and stylish love letter to Jean Rollin; in S&M, Les Sadiques, we have a film not only openly dedicated to Jess Franco, but one clearly taking its visual cues from Uncle Jess – and on a budget of a mere 250 Euros, working within the confines of a budget which would startle even Franco. However, in common with The Devil of Kreuzberg, there’s so much evident love for source material which doesn’t tend to hold much sway over modern filmmakers, that it’s impossible not to be impressed and to an extent, entranced by the results.

Marie (Nadine Pape) is a young girl looking for a place to stay in Berlin, having fled from a troubled home life with her father. But try as she might, her attempts to find somewhere to crash end in disaster, and she’s about to bed down on a stairwell when she encounters Sandra (the fabulous Sandra Bourdonnec). Sandra offers her a place to stay, but her interest in Marie is clearly far from platonic; fascinated by the older woman’s repertoire and career as an erotic photographer, as well as beholden to her for a comfortable place to live, she decides to stick around. Gradually, Sandra begins to extol her philosophy on sex and power, revealing that she does her job so well because she understands the importance of controlling her environment, and her subjects. Soon working alongside Sandra as a kind of honey trap to get otherwise unwitting subjects back to Sandra’s studio, Marie soon begins to explore her own sadistic impulses. However, the course of true love never did run smooth, and the outside world begins to impinge on the two women’s pursuits in a series of intrusive ways.

I mentioned Jess Franco earlier, and in terms of the influences of particular films I feel that there are several similarities between Les Sadiques and Eugenie De Sade, right down to some of the visuals (the clothing worn by the two women looks very similar to that worn by Soledad Miranda in some of her scenes – as do some of Nadine Pape’s poses – and who in their right mind could ever have a problem with that?) Of course, Franco took his cues from De Sade himself, although he took the Marquis’s ideas in rather different directions, and aside from the fact that Marie can be seen actually reading de Sade, this film is also about transforming some of de Sade’s ideas and placing them in a contemporary setting. In some respects Sandra’s character is like Madame de Saint-Ange, a homeowner whose erotic pursuits influence the education of a rather naive young girl, for instance.

But as much as Jess Franco – and de Sade – are acknowledged influences on S&M: Les Sadiques, the overall style of the film is less uproarious than many a Jess Franco film, generally preferring atmosphere over action, and developing said atmosphere in meticulous ways. Whilst a sexual film in terms of its themes, the director is very selective about what is shown, though without shying away from nudity and encompassing one quite startling and brutal scene, too. The topics of control and consent are de facto explored here, though is a subtle array of ways. There is, again, a touch of magic in how Bakshaev manages to shoot Berlin, making the city look by turns very modern and recognisable, but then timeless, expressed through a series of interesting shots. The atmosphere also owes a great deal to the film’s minimal dialogue – sometimes we do not hear what characters are saying at all as they are not miked – and exposition. We simply accept Sandra and Marie’s relationship grows seemingly out of nowhere, for instance, because it just works that way, and it’s plausible within the confines of the film’s universe. The camera lingers on facial expressions and gestures in a very effective way too, adding to the pleasingly disorientating effect of the filming style overall. This is altogether quieter than the films which have inspired Les Sadiques, but genuinely works well and showcases a confident, ambitious set of attitudes to making cinema. A special mention has to go to Sandra Bourdonnec here, too, who is joined by a great cast but whose magnetism is quite unlike anything else on the screen: the star of The Devil of Kreuzberg exudes the kind of smouldering appeal which would not look amiss in any of the classic Euro horror or arthouse cinema we know and love.

Whilst S&M: Les Sadiques will have some problems finding its audience, perhaps being too arty for some and too challenging for others, I feel that fans of the kinds of Euro cinema mentioned above will be beguiled by Bakshaev’s zeal for homage and atmospherics, and impressed by his ability to make something which is just so deliberately different. 250 Euros is a ridiculously small budget, but yet he’s managed to do a great deal with it; I can only hope that more funding comes his way, and soon, as I’m genuinely gratified that someone out there is making films like this, so completely unconcerned with the more tedious aspects of the current cinematic zeitgeist.

 

 

 

 

So long then, Ash Williams…

“Big props to fans for the effort, but I’m retired as Ash.” [Bruce Campbell on Twitter, 23th April 2018].

This message on the social networking site came in the wake of a wave of fan activity as people tried – and, it seems, failed – to convince the TV channel Starz not to cancel the Ash vs. Evil Dead series. Starz have decided to call it a day, citing poor viewing figures as the reason the show has to go. ‘Poor viewing figures’ is of course a relative term; then again, maybe I’m in a bubble here, because everyone I’ve ever heard from loved the show and watched it religiously. Regardless, Series Three is where we’re going to be leaving it, and off the back of Starz’s decision, the star of the show has confirmed that he’s now done with his most famous role for good.

Yes, this is disappointing, and yes, I feel that there are still more ideas that the Raimi brothers could have added in subsequent series, but perhaps we’re looking at it the wrong way. We might do best to see the show as an unexpected bonus. Fans of Ash vs. Evil Dead are justifiably sad that we won’t be seeing more from this extension of the ED universe, but a few short years ago, we didn’t have any idea we’d really ever see Ash taking on the Deadites in his own inimitable way again anyway.

Rumours of an Evil Dead IV have been turning up reliably every few years, but nothing concrete has ever really come along to substantiate these. Personally, I feel like it was an either/or thing with the Evil Dead remake in 2013 – and we ended up with the remake, which aside from that (rather head-scratching) Bruce Campbell cameo after the end credits, moved things in a different direction, even though it ostensibly used the same mythology. Gone was the splatstick and the one-liners which we’d left off with after Evil Dead III; we were back with an altogether grislier spin which dispensed with the comedy altogether. If this was to be our last encounter with the Necronomicon, then we’d be ending on a very different note to what we’d come to expect from Raimi and Campbell – which sat a little awkwardly with many people, myself included.

And then, seemingly out of the blue, years after the remake had come and gone, Ash was back – and back as a character, not a cameo. It was a boon. The TV show, as you might expect given the names behind it, picks up very much in the vein of Army of Darkness, and feels like an organic extension of the Evil Dead universe which is clearly at ease with itself, knowing just where to joke and where to (literally) douse the camera in blood. In effect, it’s the perfect cocktail of elements for long-term fans of the films, who have long appreciated the progression from gory, cartoonish violence in the original film to black comedy in the third. You can also see a clear line of descent from the underappreciated 2007 film My Name is Bruce, perhaps even more clearly given the ways some fans demand Campbell plays Williams and how, when it comes down to it, he has fun obliging – well, up until a point, that is. But the apparent ease and enjoyment Campbell communicates on screen, when playing a role which relates to Evil Dead, has definitely translated successfully to the small screen.

All of this helps the show to be so much damn fun to watch, but the writing itself has added a wealth of zany, but (within a world where a whole host of demonic entities shred their way into smalltown USA) plausible extensions to the 1981 screenplay. The Necronomicon is back – read from at the start of Series One in the ultimate in bad drunk decision-making – but there’s far more. Raimi adds plot elements which relate to the nature of whatever-there-is outside the limits of our world, with new demonic characters to rock the boat. Yes, there are a thousand nods to the films (hello, Linda!) but there’s more than enough new material here. Lucy Lawless as Ruby deserves a special mention for bringing the camp kick-ass she perfected in her Xena days into a world drenched with black magic and flailing innards, and she works as a great foil to Ash and his friends throughout the series. As for his friends, I think Pablo (Ray Santiago) and Kelly (Dana DeLorenzo) are anything but mere sidekicks, with each of them following their own path and, as things go on, getting their own plotlines too – all of which flesh out the characterisation of the show to just the right degree, never too emotional, nor two-dimensional. You feel you know these people, and you are rooting for them as they open portals and hack off Deadite heads. There isn’t a pointless character or scene written, the plot itself knows just when and how often to throw in the batshit crazy, and the jokes all land effortlessly. In truth, I don’t think I’ve ever enjoyed a horror spin-off more than this one. I definitely haven’t ever laughed more: the episode where Ash gets himself wedged into a man’s torso in the local morgue had me on the floor, hurt my ribs and made me chuckle for days afterwards. I’m not exaggerating. It really hurt.

So with all of that said, how come I’m not howling with indignation at the show’s cancellation? Well, part of me is, absolutely, as the tyranny of ‘viewing figures’ is only a limited measure of how a show is doing, really, if you could only wait and see. Movies which sink at the Box Office often rejuvenate on DVD and merchandise sales. But it seems pretty impossible that my indignation here would achieve anything, and now that Bruce himself has closed the door, we would be better off accepting that we’re done here. And, whilst I have confidence in Sam and Ivan Raimi – alongside the rest of the talented writers they’ve worked with on the show – you never know what market forces and other factors can throw at you; a potential universe where we’re on Series Ten and the well is running dry sounds pretty unappealing, even if not quite ‘Dark Ones walking the earth’ unappealing. The worst case scenario is a horror version of The Big Bang Theory, which at least we’re definitely being spared.

I can say, hand on heart, that in the three seasons of Ash vs. Evil Dead I have never been bored, nor felt that it was all getting too tried-and-tested. Each of the series I could happily watch over, which I will be doing, as I’m sure I will have missed one brilliant little detail or a rejoinder here and there. This may be of small consolation to the actors and writers who are now out of a job, sure, but I really hope that the show’s reputation propels them on to something else, and very soon.

Plus, you know, Ash Williams isn’t really going anywhere. Three classic films over nearly four decades, three great TV series, and a wealth of fan lit and spin-offs later, he’s going to remain one of horror’s favourite everyday guys forever. We love him because he’s normal, he’s fallible, he makes stupid decisions, but he’s also brave-to-the-point-of-stupider, fearless and funny. He has honour, he has integrity, and he’s aware of his own flaws, as well as in the next moment being dementedly self-confident. Ash is so well-loved because he’s the kind of guy you’d want to be around if the world ended. And, as Ash vs. Evil Dead has boosted that appeal in all sorts of expected and unexpected ways, we owe it a lot of credit and a big thanks too, even if it’s not sticking around as long as we’d like.

 

An Interview with Ryan Hendrick, director of Sundown (2017)

We receive a lot of films for consideration at Warped Perspective, and on occasion, we receive material which seems to be quite a way outside of the usual styles and genres we typically feature. This is, of course, no bad thing, and a film we received recently marked itself out as something altogether quieter and subtler than a lot of our usual fare. A thought-provoking, picturesque little film, Sundown (2017) is currently under consideration for a range of upcoming film festivals, and I spoke to director and writer Ryan Hendrick about his project.

Firstly tell us about the story behind the film, and why you wanted to tell it. 

I want to tell a story about the conventions of life, death and mortality. My first short film, Choices, had been a more introspective look set at the point of death and was very philosophical; here I wanted to tell a more realistic human connection story. It had occurred to me that in today’s society it is assumed the old and elderly know about death, as if they somehow have learnt how to accept death. I wanted to address that, and I decided to tackle that by having an older character seek insight from someone younger.

The location of the film is very picturesque and clearly important to the story. Tell us how you found it. 

The initial concept for Sundown came to me whilst I was visiting the Isle of Iona in the Scottish Hebrides some years ago. I witnessed the most spectacular sunsets night after night. It really added perspective on life and how complicated our lives and society have become, yet there is a simplistic beauty about the natural world that operates on a grand scale. “In that moment I feel timeless,” says Abi in the film, and that was true of my own experience. Every Scottish island is unique and Iona is no exception. It is quiet, tranquil and feels as if it exists outside of the modern world, and that was the atmosphere and setting that this story required.

Can you tell us any more about the character of Abi?

Although we follow William through his own journey, to me, Abi is the central character of Sundown. She exists in various forms and everything driving William on this journey connects directly back to Abi’s own journey. It’s very hard to say in specifics without giving the entire film away. She is part mystery, part emotional truth – to the audience and to William.

What do you hope audiences will take away from your film?

I hope audiences are taken on this journey with these characters, allowing them to experience a slower pace of life that is very deliberately built into the fabric of the film and come out emotionally connected to the characters, their story, the environment and more importantly, I hope it resonates with their own hopes and fears. We all fear our own mortality and all must learn to accept and incorporate it into our existence.

In terms of you as a filmmaker, what are your influences – and where do you hope to go next?

My influences come straight from my emotions. I always start creatively with an emotion or tone I want to convey before exploring a narrative. I am drawn to all sorts of storylines and themes, but they key for me is to tell them with a sense of romantic optimism. Sundown could easily have been a depressing and stark social realistic arthouse film, but I want to inspire audiences, make them feel a range of emotions.

Next up for me is my first feature Journey Bound, a romantic comedy road movie set in the Scottish Highlands. My love letter to Scotland and to it’s golden era of cinema (Whisky Galore, Local Hero, The Maggie). It’s taken us years to get this film off the ground and I can’t wait to start shooting later this year.

How challenging is making a film in the current climate, and how can filmmakers and fans alike best support this climate?

Independent Cinema especially in the current climate is tough. We exist in a time of mega-large blockbusters and more online content than ever before. Filmmakers needs to knuckle down and understand filmmaking as a business a lot more. I meet more and more emerging filmmakers that don’t have the first idea of tackling this as a business. Fans just need to keep watching films. Go to the cinema and see others films that aren’t the latest super hero blockbuster, take a chance on something you maybe haven’t heard of, especially when scrolling platforms at home like Netflix or Amazon. At the end of the day, as filmmakers we tell our stories for you as much as we do for ourselves.

Thanks to Ryan Hendrick and Magic Monkey films. You can find out more here.

The Old Dark House (1932)

Old Dark Houses are a horror cinema staple, bequeathed to the genre by Gothic literature, penny dreadfuls and all manner of other earlier terrors in print. Perhaps surprisingly, then, this particular Old Dark House (1932) is based on a J. B. Priestley novel, Benighted, written just five years previously. Priestley is better known for social realism than involvement in early horror cinema, but it’s after all via his story that we begin this trip through deepest, darkest Wales.

A bickering married couple, Philip and Margaret Waverton, together with a rather less-concerned and war-weary companion named Penderel, are on their way to Shrewsbury during a storm, in an era before cars came with windows. They’re cold, miserable and – soon – the worsening weather strands them at a remote house, where they’re forced to seek shelter. The inmates of this house are interesting folk, to say the least. The head of the household seems to be Horace Femm (Ernest Thesiger), who lives with his cantankerous, hard-of-hearing sister Rebecca (Eva Moore) and a voiceless servant, Morgan (Boris Karloff). After a small amount of disagreement on whether the three strangers should be allowed to stay or not, Horace assents, offering them hospitality in the form of a place at the fire, and a shot of gin. He’s a curious character: somewhat effete, definitely morbid but overall, fairly accommodating compared to his sister, who is soon regaling the guests with the awful godlessness of everyone who lives in the house, except her.

A strange night begins to unfold. Soon, two more travellers are hammering at the door, and they also get a grudging welcome. The conversation begins to flow, as does the booze – which isn’t a good thing where the thirsty butler Morgan is concerned. Oh, and then there’s the small matter of the elderly father ensconced upstairs (and is he the only person up there?)

As an exercise in atmosphere, and an important chapter in the rise of Universal Studios as an influential force in spooky cinema, The Old Dark House is very endearing. Director James Whale had already cut his teeth on the innovative use of sound and shadow in Frankenstein the year before, and although the film under consideration here is rather more subtle and realistic than that particular monster flick, it does bear a lot of the same hallmarks. The script here – closely following the novel – works a treat, with a terse, acerbic note throughout and some memorable lines, particularly from the character of Rebecca, who takes some time out from grumbling to mutter portentous lines to the terrified guests. But then there’s Horace Femm, whose every line and gesture here is a charm. Thesiger, contemporary and correspondent of ‘Great Beast’ Aleister Crowley, comes across as a cipher for a bygone age, all sardonic wit and rarefied manners. Karloff has little to do but loom and brawl in this film, but as ever, he has an enjoyable presence.

There’s more to this film than simply suspense and mild scares, mind, and one of the reasons it’s so engrossing is in how it sits squarely between the stage traditions of the late nineteenth century and the relatively new form of film. Interestingly, there’s a framed portrait of Queen Victoria in one of the bedrooms. Some of the scenes are positively vaudevillian in style, with a few physical jerks, lines played for laughs and that old chestnut, the partially-hearing character, who continually misinterprets what’s been said to them. Also, despite being an American production, the film feels charmingly British, too; the regular conversations about the bad weather are a dead giveaway, and then there is the range of visitors from different regions of the UK, including a heavily-stereotyped Yorkshireman who looks for all the world like a proto-Peter Kay (noting the fact that Kay is actually from the ‘wrong’ county next door). There are a few lines relating to the changing world of the mid-thirties, too, and although this isn’t exactly a film steeped in social commentary, there’s still mention of the world of “factories, and cheap advertising, and money-grubbing” going on far outside the house’s walls, as well as the war-damaged Penderel (Melvyn Douglas) who seeks something better for himself after this hellish night at the house is over and done with.

Although this may be a film which has little in common either thematically or stylistically with the vast majority of modern cinema and may seem like a reach for some, I still feel that it’s worthwhile for modern audiences. It’s a quaint melting pot of ambience, drama and classic cinema aesthetics in an unusual setting, as well as an engaging yarn and a cool film history lesson. Whilst The Old Dark House certainly isn’t the only old dark house out there (nor even the only film by that title) it’s nonetheless deserving of its reputation. The upcoming 4K Eureka release is of a very high quality, doesn’t look like a film which is around eighty-five years old, and comes with newly-commissioned artwork by established visual artist Graham Humphreys. If you’ve missed out on this one in the past, then this new deluxe edition would definitely come recommended.

The Old Dark House – 4K edition – will be released by Eureka Entertainment on 27th April 2018.

 

A Brilliant Monster (2018)

“Where do the ideas come from?” It’s a standard question which, for many people working in the creative industries, there’s probably never a standard answer; however, in the new indie movie A Brilliant Monster, the trials and tribulations of continually coming up with workable new projects is given a dark, original twist. It’s an original idea about getting original ideas, if you will.

We begin with a man in what looks like Scenes of Crime protective garb, cleaning up an impounded vehicle with the air of a man who knows exactly what he’s doing. This is our first introduction to our main character, Mitch Stockridge (Dennis Friebe), who isn’t in fact in law enforcement, or clean-up operations – he’s actually a self-help guru, an esteemed popular author at the top of his game. So why the surreptitious spring clean? Well, according to his ex-girlfriend Sophie (Alea Figueroa), Mitch isn’t exactly the guy the world thinks he is. As a complainant to the police, she begins to spill details of what life with him was really like, claiming his participation in certain criminal acts. One of the investigators is a bit of a Mitch Stockridge fan, and simply can’t believe what he’s hearing, but co-investigator Abby (Joy Kigin) is a little more amenable to what Sophie has to say, and begins to pursue the case.

All of this soon begins to beg the question: just where does Mitch – a man deeply damaged by events in his childhood, according to Sophie – find all of this inspiration to help others? His books are popular – so popular, that people stop him on the streets to tell him how much he’s meant to them. Meanwhile, he has new writing projects on the horizon and deadlines to keep: as we gradually begin to hear more from Mitch himself, we get a sense of the very real pressures in his own life, from looking after his elderly father to keeping his publisher at bay. And yet somehow, he’s able to channel all of his own frustrations into something positive. How?

If I was expecting this to segue straight into a ‘good guy by day, killer by night’ routine, then I’m happy to say I was disappointed. The ways in which A Brilliant Monster tackles its theme of the creative process is rather more exploratory than that; as well as shifting tack quite early on to embed a surprise element, it also uses quite an ambitious framework, weaving in flashback from multiple points into real time and playing with lighting/shooting to create an impressive display of shooting styles. To an extent, the film’s own creative shift is hamstrung by its low budget, sure, but it opts for the right approach here, keeping things low-key and relying more on showing us the behaviour of people in these extraordinary circumstances than focusing on the use of effects.

This behaviour is refracted through an earthy, plausible script which generally works very well – a definite plus, given that this film really lives or dies by its dialogue. On occasion, the repetitive “where do you get the ideas?” line coming from different players can be a little excessive – A Brilliant Monster is capable of establishing its themes beyond doubt without this repetition – but otherwise, the script is good at balancing its touches of humour against moving the narrative forwards. Along the way, it asks some interesting questions and raises some interesting points. For example, the film shows how someone’s celebrity status can impair our judgement of them: the first cop on the case cannot really believe that a famous author could behave in a criminal way, later characters feel just the same way regardless of their backgrounds, and this certainty that status = irreproachable conduct is toyed with throughout the film. People are just seduced by Mitch’s fame; they can’t really see any further. But perhaps more tellingly, A Brilliant Monster looks at the grotesque side of the creative process: in this process, women seem to fare particularly badly (a grisly literal riff on the idea of the ‘muse’ maybe) but as the stakes get higher, Mitch is forced to make ever more difficult tactical decisions in return for what he needs as a writer. The relationship between him, his past, his purpose in writing and his inspiration are given an engaging treatment here.

Whilst I wasn’t quite ready to buy cop Abby’s immediate vendetta against Mitch Stockridge – though to be fair, this is contextualised later – this is only one weak link in what is otherwise an enjoyable, innovative tale about the pressures to create and the fallout of ‘success’. Making the central character a self-help guru is an inspired and tongue-in-cheek move; the grand divide between words and deeds is given a compelling twist in A Brilliant Monster, where what you see isn’t always what you get.

A Brilliant Monster is scheduled for release on 1st December 2018 (in the US). 

 

The Stone Tide: Adventures at the End of the World by Gareth E. Rees

“Twenty years on there seemed much more of this world behind me than in front of me. I wandered a crumbling landscape busy with ghosts, where every object spoke of what had passed and all lines led back into history.”

When we consider different modes of writing, we probably have a number of preconceived rules in our heads: an autobiography has to contain a certain amount of personal information, a history has to be based firmly in verifiable fact, and so on. Whilst these kinds of definitions clearly have their usefulness, sometimes the best writing jolts us out of this kind of glib acceptance and makes us reconsider what we’re being told, and how we’re being told it. This brings me to a very unusual piece of writing – The Stone Tide, a book which encompasses several genres from travel guide to confessional with many more besides, and does so to intriguing, thought-provoking and deeply moving effect.

The book starts with a house move from London to Hastings – a quaint seaside resort in England, where the author and his wife (and two children) have purchased a ‘fixer-upper’, one of those houses where the point between moving in and ‘finished’ ever recedes into the distance. This house, with all of its decades of unharvested nooks and life stories, takes on an almost sentient role in the early chapters of the The Stone Tide, always with an ace up the sleeve to unpick hard work or destabilise its new inmates, in ways which reach towards the supernatural on several occasions, though you come to understand early on that any retelling of these events is often enmeshed with mordant flights of fancy, coming to the page in anything but a straightforward way. The author soon seeks solace away from these four walls by taking the sea air – but in doing so, prompts a flood of painful memories of the loss of a friend, Mike, some twenty years previously.

Suddenly finding himself thinking again about this loss, coming at a point when the day-to-day is growing increasingly testing, and when there’s another book – but what kind of book? – to be written, forms the backbone of this novel. This is not one story, but rather a very broad array of intermingled stories; within these, factual start-points give way to imaginative leaps, with conversations embellished or invented, and mundane concerns spliced with fantastical additions. At the heart of all of this is Hastings itself, which receives a hauntological treatment along the way: for a small seaside place, it has a surprisingly chequered history, and once became a kind of impromptu hotbed for British occultism.

Amongst other things, it was the last residence of the infamous ‘Great Beast’ Aleister Crowley, a character for whom death hasn’t been much of an impediment to his notoriety, and the last years of Crowley’s life are often significant in The Stone Tide. Other notorious Hastings alumni crop up too, until we have a small gathering of notables being invoked and repositioned as characters in the narrative, interrogating one another as well as asking profound questions about time and loss. A number of deeply engaging, winsome skits on local history – such as the story of Hannah Weller – are also added. This provides a rich, expansive overall effect, one which seems to sprawl in places, but comes together seamlessly, revealing a complex structure and not just breadth of information. Added to this imaginative set of histories are various flights of fancy which had followed the author since childhood: now that he has been reminded of something devastating from his youth, lots of the old monsters-under-the-bed (or at least, giant sofa-headed eels which have lain dormant) are re-emerging. The ridiculous and the sublime are often together in this book. Where else would Edward I and Rod Hull ever find themselves in conversation? And yet, somehow, within this genre-rules free zone, it all makes a kind of ad hoc perfect sense.

All of this is refracted through Rees himself of course, in candid and self-deprecating fashion which weaves throughout the book. It’s hard, on reflection, to imagine another writer being able to weave all of these separate elements into one place in this way. The prose is rich and evocative, but Rees retains a conversational tone which is very disarming, and although what he is considering at length here can weigh very heavily there are frequent pinpricks of humour – even when things are taking a very bleak turn indeed, as they often do here. This kind of combination of observation and introspection makes parts of the book feel like one of those pub conversations where you almost peer into a profound truth which you know you can’t quite grasp, and which so many others have failed to quite-grasp before you. I’ll admit, parts of the book really got under my skin and made me feel very sad, but then other aspects of it are so sardonically funny that perhaps all you can do is laugh in the end.

An ingenious meld of fact, fiction and various unrealities, The Stone Tide is a bold and inventive read, incredibly imaginative and poignant. Fantastical it may be and may be often, but at its core it’s an ardently honest book and I thoroughly reading enjoyed it. In fact, I don’t think I’ve ever read anything quite like it.

The Stone Tide: Adventures at the End of the World by Gareth E. Rees is available via Influx Press. Rees also curates a website of potential interest: Unofficial Britain, which you can check out here.

Ghost Stories (2017)

The Ghost Stories film comes to us off the back of a much-praised stage play of the same title by two of our finest writers, Andy Nyman and Jeremy Dyson: at the time it was doing the rounds some years ago, I managed to immure myself against hearing even the barest hint of what it was all about, in the hopes that I’d get to go and see it (which I didn’t) whilst having no expectations which could spoil the show. Happily, I’ve managed to go on hearing nothing at all ahead of seeing the film. This is where I think it’s only fair to extend the same courtesy to anyone who might be reading this. In order to discuss Ghost Stories in any meaningful way, I’m going to have to talk about what happens and how it plays out. This will by no means be a plot synopsis, but nonetheless this review may contain mild spoilers from here on in.

The basic set-up is this: lapsed Jew Professor Philip Goodman (Nyman) has spent his professional and academic life trying to compensate for an unhappy upbringing, where his family’s religious values clashed with the world as he came to understand it. After a revelatory moment as a child watching the TV sceptic Charles Cameron disproving all manner of supernatural phenomena, citing people’s ‘existential terror’ as the reason they are so ready to believe in the impossible, Goodman sets to very similar work, dismantling people’s beliefs for a TV show of his very own (in an uncomfortable early scene where he storms the stage at a spiritual mediumship event, further devastating an already devastated bereaved mother in the process; it seems the medium and the sceptic are all too ready to tread on her feelings for their own agendas, and I found it one of the hardest scenes in the film to watch.)

The funny thing is, Cameron himself had disappeared into obscurity in mysterious circumstances of his own decades previously – so Goodman is astounded to receive (earthly) communication from the still-living Cameron (Leonard Byrne) who wants to speak with him. He tells Goodman that, during his professional career, he encountered three cases which assured him that his whole world view had been wrong – that there were things out there which cannot be easily explained. Investigate them for yourself, he tells the younger man, and then come and talk to me. Duly, though with the somewhat frustrated air of a man who has met one of his heroes and come away disappointed, Goodman agrees to seek out and speak to the people in each case.

Ah, the portmanteau film: it’s well known that Nyman, and Dyson (as can be seen from the earliest League of Gentlemen days) are big fans of 70s heyday British horror, and the three-in-one framework here is worthy – and reminiscent – of the old Amicus films. In each of the three stories Goodman hears, we are transported into the situation each new man reports; these cover a range of different phenomena. Tony Matthews (Paul Whitehouse) relates a story of a frightening experience as a nightwatchman; Simon Rifkind (Alex Lawther) talks about what goes on in the woods, and finally businessman Mike Priddle (Martin Freeman) explains about a night he felt deeply unsafe at home…in each case, Goodman is primed to dismiss their accounts as the ramblings of trauma, addiction, guilt, grief – you name it. But then odd phenomena begin to leech into his own life, and he’s forced to examine his own motivations, as he comes to terms with how he has impacted upon the lives of others.

There are a great many things in favour of this film, and chief amongst those is – for me – in its visual trickery. The flashy BOO! scenes which punctuate the film (no doubt after the stage play, which itself probably picked up a lot of cues from that stalwart of horror theatre, The Woman in Black) I could take or leave. I find them too easy to see coming, too much more about the reflexes than the imagination. However, what these BOO! moments certainly do achieve is to set you on edge, so that your brain is ready to see things which aren’t there. I haven’t read up on the making of the film, but I’m willing to bet all or at least most of these tricks of the eye are deliberate. ‘The brain sees what it wants to see’, and so on. There are also several nods to other classic British ghost tales – which I won’t name here – but these work with the tales at hand, and don’t feel unnecessarily tacked on. I tell you what else I thought of, and I might be alone in this, but if you’ve ever read the (terrifying) series of books issued by Fortean Times called ‘It Happened To Me’, where utterly ordinary people write in with their supernatural experiences – some of the tales in the film are strongly reminiscent of stories I’ve read there, particularly the middle story, though this may of course be entirely coincidental. In any case, it’s great to see a cast of such well-known British actors, often comedy actors, taking on something quite as dark as Ghost Stories and doing a superb job, even managing to blend in a few moments of gallows humour without dissipating the horror.

However, the weight of expectation with films like this, particularly after having waited so long to find out what all the fuss was about, means I do have some nagging issues with the film as a whole. [Final warning on spoilers ahead.] Firstly, I understand completely that the writers want to resolve things in such a way that they don’t simply cede to the whole ‘and it was REAL!’ shtick, any more than it’d be sane to roll credits on a Bobby Ewing ending, but to get us to this quite neat – yes, clever – yes, but still ambiguous ending, I felt the film was…well, the only way I can explain it is to say it’s reactionary, in the sense that it turns all of these stories and fears into the residual agonies of a suicidal man, and in fact the whole film seems to point to him wanting to die and going through all of this purgatorial suffering because of something he didn’t do as a terrified, victimised child. It’s hardly the most eloquent thing to say, but it feels so… mean-spirited somehow, even though I am fully aware that a horror film has no duty to be nice and even-handed. I’m also torn on the whole ‘fourth wall’ thing in the final act – always a fraught decision, even if a useful bridging device between straightforward supernatural horror and the existential torture of the ending.

So, for me, Ghost Stories is a film which does many things superbly well, pays its dues, certainly kept my attention, led to some fantastically creepy moments, but also slathers on a veneer of human nastiness that I am finding unusually bitter, in a way which actually surprises me.

Ghost Stories (2017) is on general release in UK cinemas now.

 

 

 

 

Hippopotamus (2017)

In a stark opening scene, composed largely from a colour palette of black, white, and tiny amounts of red – a young woman awakens. She is in a mysterious room, has crippling injuries to her legs, and is clearly shocked and confused by her predicament. As soon as she wakes up, she’s addressed by a man: he gives his name, explains that she has been kidnapped, and she will remain in this room until such time as she “falls in love” with him. Before leaving her alone, he warns her not to try and escape – her legs are too damaged, the place they’re in is too isolated and she won’t get far.

Now, an early proviso: the publicity for Hippopotamus (2017) – and also what I’ve just written above – sounds very much like an example of the maligned ‘torture porn’ genre, doesn’t it? The features are all there: the frightened woman, the confinement in a bleak, controlled environment, the apparently deliberately-inflicted injuries and the appearance of an apparently deranged captor who wants something extraordinary from these extraordinary circumstances. And I’ll be the first to admit that when I initially read the description for the film, I doubted very much whether there’d be anything here to engage me: I’ve seen a lot of films like these through the years. They tend to appeal to filmmakers on a budget, but less and less do they appeal to me. However, in how it all actually unfolds on screen, Hippopotamus is anything but a re-run of any of the most notorious ordeal horrors I could name. If anything, it’s an unusually low-key, compelling tale which runs in a quite different direction with the elements mentioned above.

The woman in captivity – Ruby – is told by her captor – Thomas – that she will be following a strict new schedule. She will be fed, she will be given medication, she will be slowly helped to heal, and her sleep will be controlled. It’s soon clear that Ruby has no idea who she is: she keeps looking with wonder at a bracelet engraved with her name, and when she gets to look at some of her possessions, kept in a nearby handbag, she’s confused by them, too. As she begins to feel more well, she begins to ask questions of Thomas, though he is not exactly forthcoming (captors in cinema rarely seem particularly garrulous). He does assure her, though, that he hasn’t kidnapped with any sexual intentions; Ruby can barely believe this, asking several times if she has been assaulted. She doesn’t endure any further cruelty, though, which begins to encourage her to dig deeper; she becomes increasingly confident with this man, and he begins to warm to her.

One of the film’s key strengths, though, is that nothing simply unfolds in an anticipated way in Hippopotamus. Firstly, the film’s timeframe is disorientating. Conversations repeat verbatim, or very nearly; seconds drag, or they fly by. The camera pans sideways through the same room, showing what could be minutes, hours or days. This sets up the viewer to feel as confused as Ruby does, unsure of who to trust or what to believe. One thing which is certain, however, is that despite the likely expectations, this is a largely bloodless, gore-free film. The lion’s share of its impact comes from its examination of relationships under extreme duress – and there are some bizarre and original revelations along the way.

Perhaps even more so, Hippopotamus is a story about memory – and how deeply vulnerable we are when this part of ourselves is missing. How can you judge what someone is saying to you, if you have no idea of who you even are, where you have been, where you are? The slow reveals and developments which add to the characterisation here – brilliantly handled by actors Ingvild Deila and Tom Lincoln – held my attention really well. It can be no easy thing for two people in one confined set to keep the audience rapt, though of course credit must also go to writer and director Edward A. Palmer, in his first feature-length film, for keeping the script and the edits on the money. See, I’ll admit that I found some of the plot developments a little strange, or strained maybe, but because of how successfully the film overall engenders this sense of disorientation, you just have to accept what you see. Nothing seems certain here – the audience can judge nothing with complete certainty. Similarly, perhaps a few moments more of explication at the end of the film would have given me something more concrete to come away with, but overall I think that Hippopotamus goes out the way it comes in – full of surprises and perplexity. We’re kept on the same level as Ruby throughout; there’s no omniscient perspective for us. Who’s fooling who here – and are we being fooled?

I would say that if you are expecting a conventional horror yarn here with the prerequisite victimhood/torment/grisly content, then Hippopotamus isn’t for you; this is instead a highly unusual exploration of theme and trope, at times tranquil and at times tense, but always a deeply uneasy watch. A day on from my viewing, I’m still mulling it over; in a world of so many tried-and-tested film projects, I’d say this is high praise indeed.

Hippopotamus (2017) will be screening on 19th April 2018 as part of the East End Film Festival in London. For further information, including ticketing, please click here.

 

 

 

 

 

The Isle (2018)

I’m very glad that filmmakers seem to be returning to aesthetically-pleasing supernatural tales these days, rather than endless found footage or excruciating ordeal horror. You could argue that there’s plenty of space for all the above, of course, and you needn’t stick with just one genre of horror (or any other genre for that matter) but isn’t it a privilege and a treat to see a film which takes some pride in its appearance and its atmosphere? Just recently, I was treated to a viewing of The Lodgers (2017), a beautiful, almost painterly film which carries echoes of The Fall of the House of Usher in its tale of malign destiny. This particular film came to mind a few times during The Isle (2017), another atmospheric period piece which toys with ideas of fate – though this time striking out with an adventurous re-interpretation of pre-existing myth and legend.

The year is 1846. After surviving a devastating shipwreck whilst en route to America, three men manage to make it to dry land – which turns out to be a remote Scottish island, where only a handful of people seem to live, eking out an existence. However, the first islander to greet them – a man named Fingal MacLeod (Dickon Tyrell) – seems genuinely interested in their welfare, offering them food and shelter whilst asking what exactly befell their vessel. The sailors find that difficult to explain: a sudden turn in the weather made it impossible for them to navigate, they recall, but beyond that, they aren’t sure. Fingal promises to help them get back to the mainland regardless, and suggests they stay at the local farmhouse in the meantime. Grateful for the surly assistance of the Innis household, Oliver (Alex Hassell), Cailean (Fisayo Akinade) and Jimmy (Graham Butler) can do little but wait it out.

It transpires that a history of shipwrecks in the area has taken a hard toll on the islanders over the years, with many of their young men lost and the population of the island now sadly depleted. Yet, even allowing for all of this, some of the islanders seem to be acting strangely – particularly the island’s women, Korrigan MacLeod (Alix Wilton Regan) and Lanthe Innis (Tori Butler Hart), who veer from gentle and fearful to seemingly desperate to leave the island themselves. Curious, the three sailors begin to explore, asking questions and gleaning as much information as possible. Their main question is simply this: why do these remaining people choose to stay in this bleak isolation?

At this point in the narrative, The Isle could quite easily have lapsed into cliché. Either it could have become a straightforward horror of the closed community, where a group of people lie in wait for hapless outsiders, or it could have become a supernatural horror which sticks to the now-expected formula of jump-cuts and oh-so familiar set ups. Happily, neither of these things come to pass, providing evidence of confidence and creativity on the part of writers Matthew and Tori Butler Hart. One of the really effective things about this story is how it avoids the jump-scare almost completely. There are one or two quicker cuts here, but overall, this isn’t a film which plays out in that way. Rather, the film tends towards the slow, subtle, ‘did I really just see that?’ approach, which is to my mind, far more effective and suited to the slow unfolding of the tale which takes place. When you realise something or someone unexpected is stood quietly in frame, for instance, the resulting skin-crawl is wonderfully in keeping with the overall atmosphere and careful handling of this story-within-a-story – a story which I urge you to keep hidden from yourselves until you get the chance to see the film. It would be remiss of me to say too much here…

The film also takes its time in establishing characters, allowing them to build in an organic way without using line after line of exposition. Seeing the characters measured against the stark, but beautiful location seems to add a great deal to how we see them, too, and this requires almost no dialogue to be spoken at all. The unmistakeable Scottish landscape dwarfs the people on this island, both outsiders and residents, reminding the audience of how little agency they have in this unforgiving environment. More than this, the rocks, woods and beaches also figure hugely in the narrative: being lost, being trapped and being disorientated are states which propel the plot onwards in their own ways. And, before the film unfolds its surprises, finally revealing its secrets (The Isle’s changes in direction are genuinely surprising and engaging) we are kept on the same level as the characters themselves – never truly sure whether this bleak place can be taken on face value.

The Isle is a quiet, understated and almost austere supernatural tale – but it’s innovative, finely-drawn and confident, telling its story at the pace and in the way it chooses. Atmospheric and rewarding, it also leaves a judicious number of questions unanswered, but it’s the richer for this: the mystery is all part of the charm. I’m a little undecided on whether the text which appears over the opening credits should really be there, as it prepares you for certain plot elements which would otherwise take longer to come to light – however, how this element unfolds here is still a genuine surprise, and speaks overall to the quality of this project – this aspect of the subject matter is patiently developed and transformed, just like everything else here.

The Isle will feature at the East End Film Festival, showing on April 20th. It is not anticipated to be on general release until autumn of 2018. For further information on the festival, including ticketing, please click here.

Agency and Responsibility in Lady Macbeth (2016)

Please note: this feature contains a full description of events in Lady Macbeth and as such contains spoilers

Marriage in the nineteenth century – particularly between the lower middle classes, perhaps, who had enough to lose but little enough to boast – must have been for many women a miserable existence. Firstly, women often had limited influence on the matches proposed to them, having to consider the fortune of their families and dependents as well as themselves, when respectable opportunities to earn money were very limited. The Married Woman’s Property Acts did not come in until 1870 and beyond; until that time, women forfeited any land, property or money they had in their own names, passing it directly to their husbands at the point of marriage. They had no legal rights to their own children – the father de facto retained that right – and limited access even to the extreme solution of divorce which, in the rare cases it took place, frequently led to women being socially ostracised, shunned by neighbours and family, and of course penniless, if they had no other arrangement or allowance entailed upon them. The only legitimate, respectable way out of a middle-class marriage was widowhood.

As the first reels of Lady Macbeth (2016) unfold, we’re left under no illusions about the stifling, isolating existence of many bartered brides in the mid-nineteenth century. The teenage Katherine has essentially been sold as a chattel, alongside a piece of purposeless land, to a much older man – under the wary eye of her father-in-law, a man who can only boast that he’s even more unpleasant than his son. From as early as her wedding night, her new husband Alexander makes it clear that her domain is indoors, where things will be more ‘comfortable’ for her. His wife insists she likes the fresh air, but he’s implacable, and so Katherine begins a dreary domestic life as his wife; not for nothing is she so often in frame with a clock. It also seems telling that her gasps of pain, annoyance and embarrassment so often occur when something is literally being done behind her back: when she’s being laced into a corset, submitting to having her hair brushed for the ornate braids she wears, or – more humiliating still – when her husband prefers to keep her at a cold, unconsummated distance, facing the wall…

Because of this, she can’t even get on with the arduous, risky business of providing the family with an heir, her whole reason for being procured for this out-of-the-way house – given Alexander’s predilections, as well as his long absences. Without books, callers or other occupations of any kind, Katherine seems primed to go the way of a thousand nineteenth century heroines, dissolving into ‘nervousness’ or lapsing into apathy, yet another Catherine Earnshaw or Margaret Sherwin perhaps. But Katherine has a ‘thick skin’, as she puts it, and a steely reserve. With her husband away, she takes over the duty of overseeing his labourers, which includes a new boy – Sebastian, a man who doesn’t care a jot about her social status, and treats her with the same easy disrespect he does her maid, Anna (whom he’s in the process of humiliating when Katherine first claps eyes on him.)

Knowing the young bride is alone in the house one night, Sebastian takes his chance and sneaks in, giving the lie to the absent Alexander’s assertion that Katherine will be ‘safer’ there. At first, Katherine acts the part of the valiant virgin, trying to repel what seems a would-be rape – but then, subverting the expected codes of behaviour, she inverts the situation, suddenly reciprocating his advances. Sebastian suddenly has to re-assess, finding himself no longer in the stereotypical male role; he might have expected her to behave more like Anna perhaps, who even as a social inferior is demure enough to be mortified. Respectable women at this time were supposed to be passive, and virtually asexual – only submitting to the act for the purpose of maternity. Dr William Acton, practitioner to Queen Victoria, wrote a famous paper in 1857 – so, contemporary with the film – where he claimed that ‘the majority of women (happily for them) are not very much troubled by sexual feelings of any kind’: certainly, Sebastian is surprised by the way Katherine responds, and it’s not what he would have expected. It is also the moment that his own agency begins to rescind, irreparably, whilst hers blossoms – at least, up until a point.

Katherine’s descent into crime echoes not only the Shakespearean origin behind the film’s title (and the story behind the screenplay here) but also the extreme means which many literary women of the era utilised in order to satisfy their needs – be these lust or larceny. From Lady Audley to Emma Bovary, sexual appetites and liberation always demand a heavy penalty in the end. However, Lady Macbeth thwarts the anticipated Victorian (or Tsarist) moral payback in some key respects – and the screenplay deviates from its basis in the Russian novella Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District (1865) to see Katherine progress through increasing magnitudes of extreme behaviour, but without presenting viewers with a straightforward penance. If Katherine commences her criminal life in an expected way, then she doesn’t end it thus.

Her initial rebellion – against that ghastly old man, her father-in-law, who unfairly accosts her for neglecting her wifely duties when her husband is elsewhere – begins with a ‘woman’s crime’, the ubiquitous poisoning (closely echoing The Beguiled) which takes place in the home through a contaminated meal. Posing for a post-mortem photograph with her father-in-law’s remains in the correct full mourning garb, Katherine looks every inch properly sorrowful. It is, however, a ruse, and Katherine wastes no time in restructuring the household around her wishes and desires. The more Katherine is able to empty the house, the more agency she’s able to enjoy; the fewer people to witness her at home, the fewer people to have opinions on her conduct. With Boris gone, she has free access to her lover once again.

However, when her husband eventually returns, she doesn’t attempt the ‘woman’s crime’ again – although she could have, as she rushes to bring him a drink of tea – another feminine staple. He’s not apparently suspicious of the circumstances surrounding his father’s demise, doesn’t mourn him, and probably could have been dispatched the same way. However, in response to her husband’s rising anger – his wife may have tried to limit people’s knowledge of what she’s been up to, but he’s heard the rumours – Katherine opts against the life of penance and prayer books suggested by him, actually bringing Sebastian into the bedroom and then caving in Alexander’s head with a poker when he – perhaps reasonably – objects. A woman’s crime, this ain’t. Katherine has not opted to play safe and plausible here.

But getting rid of a gentleman (and his horse) is a different prospect to excusing the death of an elderly man, and marks a turning point in her behaviour. Sebastian now begins to shrink from her; she’s too demanding, too active. It seems she’s capable of anything at this juncture, and when her home is invaded by unexpected visitors, she takes the ultimate step for a Victorian lady – murdering a child, the ultimate inversion for someone whose role is meant to view childrearing as an almost divine calling. She’ll do anything, it seems, to keep Sebastian near to her, even when it seems like he’s exhausted and damaged by her attentions. However, in the novels of the period, including Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District, Katherine would simply be found out. She would pay a bloody price for her deeds; she might even confess. Order would be restored, probably by her death.

This isn’t to be in Lady Macbeth. When accused of her final crime, Katherine takes refuge behind her status as a woman of means. Again inverting Sebastian’s attempts to steer his own course, she turns his revelations that she murdered her husband’s ward back onto him. How could she kill a child? She loved the boy as if he were her own, she says. On the other hand, the lowly worker is naturally a suspicious character; she exploits his dirty, dishevelled appearance and shifts the blame. (He’s also mixed-race, but so are the new inhabitants of the house, including the child, so it seems as though his class is more significant in this instance.)

On consideration, those present are convinced by her story. Katherine has gone from counteracting expectations to get what she wants, to enacting the same expectations, also to get what she wants. Well, she saves her own skin, at least – but her victory is a hollow one, ultimately, as she is left entirely alone in the marital home. She has condemned her lover, and isolated herself in pregnancy, a pregnancy which would be both illegitimate and go on to produce another child of mixed race – a definite stigma, when you have just sent the mixed-race father to the gallows as a liar and a murderer. The film ends abruptly here, inviting the audience to consider Katherine’s ominous future. It’s a judicious place to leave the narrative, and sees her almost as powerless as she was when she first wore her bridal veil. To live – at what cost?

The overall effect of Lady Macbeth is to put your sympathies into a centrifuge. At first, it’s difficult to feel anything other than unequivocal pity for this young girl, married off and isolated (we know little about her family, but she does at one point say that she misses her mother.) Even as she begins to unpick the fabric of her very limited world, taking a lover – even getting rid of her father-in-law – you can still feel for Katherine. But as her behaviour escalates, and she shows that she’s willing to do anything, no matter how bloody, it becomes more challenging to sympathise with her. Is she simply a victim of circumstance? Does she have any other means available to her? Or is she herself inherently flawed somehow?

There’s no simple answer here, but it’s worth remembering that she is not the only woman whose lot in life is pinioned by her social role. Anna, the lady’s maid, is a liminal figure in the film who is often present at key moments, but utterly peripheral, unable to influence things one way or another. She tries – valiantly – but she is in the unenviable position of being on the lowest rung here, the only person Katherine can command with propriety and impunity. There’s an interesting relationship between the two women, one which moves from some degree of intimacy to complete alienation. As Katherine’s sense of agency escalates, Anna’s already-limited agency diminishes – to the point when the girl becomes utterly voiceless in the face of the crimes she is forced to witness.

It is this voicelessness which Katherine finally exploits when faced with Sebastian – who is by now utterly powerless – and his accusations of her guilt. Had Anna been able to speak for herself, then she could have saved them both; however, the long and arduous process which has seen her become so traumatised that she becomes mute leads to a heart-breaking scene where she simply cannot form the words; she closes down completely, and so she will hang for a crime she did not commit. Katherine’s voice may be limited, but when she uses it to exonerate herself, she is still believable as a genteel young woman shocked by these insinuations of crime. Anna has no such redress, and her ultimate lack of power is emphasised by her literal speechlessness.